The Civil Code classifies obligations as pure, conditional, with a period, alternative, facultative, joint or solidary, divisible or indivisible, and with a penal clause. Here is what each kind means and what to do next.
Learn when a signed contract may be cancelled, resolved or annulled, when mutual consent is needed, and what happens to payments and property.
Learn the difference between resolution for substantial breach under Article 1191 and rescission for lesion or prejudice under Articles 1380–1389.
A practical Philippine guide to proving breach of contract, choosing performance, resolution or damages, and preserving the evidence needed.